The after report is based upon the experiences and perceptions of direct help (and with the 'social model' of disability provision) of the person with learning disabilities: Mark. The experiences and perceptions in this situation understand are taken from interviews and discussions with Mark himself, with members of his family, and with his social workers and managers. The function of the report is to describe Mark's experiences of social care under direct help and to compare these with the varieties of social work that he experienced ahead of the introduction of direct support. The report focuses upon Mark's growing sense of 'empowerment', 'ability to assist himself', and 'individuality' that emerge from his experiences of direct support. Thus a major theme of this report is to verify how direct support assists people with learning disabilities to achieve recognition as contributing members on the community.
The report has here structure:
A.(i) An analysis in the government's seminal white paper Valuing People: A new Strategy for Learning Disability to your 21st Century (DOH, 2001). This white paper was a momentous recognition by federal government with the 'social model' of social provision, and it thrust direct assist on the front from the government's strategy for learning disability. A discussion of this white paper allows an analysis of Mark's personal experiences of direct support: how successful it has been for him, how he perceives the changed attitudes from the social workers he works with - how they now perceive their jobs differently now.
(ii) This section also examines the notion of 'empowerment' and the idea that persons with learning disabilities need to be recognized as contributing members of society also, instead of 'medical problems'.
(iii) The module Organizing to Encourage Effective Direct Help stresses the have to verify direct help from the perspectives of all involved: the individual with learning disabilities, his carers and also the government and managers who make decisions that effect him. This white paper then is often a very exciting article for understanding the government's perspective and attitude for the needs of persons with learning disabilities.
B. An analysis on the biographical material furnished by Mark's case study. Does his experience of direct help match that set out by the government in Valuing People? Which direct aid schemes in this white paper has Mark benefited from? What are does he perceive the rewards of direct help to become as opposed to previous sorts of social care that he has experienced? How do those people who live and work with Mark perceive these changes?
C. An analysis of 3 theoretical and practical existing models of disability provision - moral, medical, social - and Mark's numerous experiences of these models. How does Mark experience the theory of social provision after it is put into practice?
D. Conclusion. The report concludes with an examination of Mark's future prospects working with direct support, and the future prospects of direct assist itself
A: Valuing People: A brand new Strategy for Learning Disability during the 21st Century
'A person-centred approach to planning approaches that planning need to begin from the individual (not with services), and take account of their wishes and aspirations. Person-centred-planning is often a mechanism for reflecting the needs and preferences of the individual using a learning disability.' (Valuing People, 2001, p49)
This quotation in the government's seminal white paper Valuing People: A new Strategy for Learning Disability for your 21st Century encapsulates the radically new ideas and ideals established by this write-up for your provision and course of action of social work for persons with learning disabilities. This white paper represented both an critical official recognition with the validity with the 'social model' of disability provision, including a promise to implement its ideas and philosophy of learning difficulties, as have been advocated by social jobs practitioners and academics for some time. Thus this white paper was a significant move away within the 'medical model' of disability provision that had held supremacy for most of recent healthcare history. As the over quotation suggests, this new method to disability gives the person far higher freedom to produce decisions about his own future - the philosophy is 'person-centred' and 'individualized' - and, over this, recognizes that folks with learning trouble have exactly the exact same rights and ought to have exactly the exact same opportunities as non-disabled people. The white paper acknowledges the new phenomenon on the 'empowerment' of persons with learning issues and suggests how empowerment is also lengthy amongst those people with these kinds of difficulties.
An analysis of this white paper is vital for any learning problems student who seeks to analyze how direct help works in practice. Valuing Folks established guidelines and proposed schemes that must be met in practice, within the lives of folks with learning disabilities. In the following section, this report seems at how this federal government type has been experienced by a single individual with learning difficulties: Mark.
This supply analysis focuses upon Chapter 4 in the white paper: Far more Alternative and Control for People with Learning Disabilities. The introductory statement of this chapter sets the tone to your entire document. It states:
'Government objective: To permit persons with learning disabilities to have as much selection as feasible more than their lives through advocacy and also a person-centred approach to planning the services and aid they need.' (Valuing People, p44)
Thus inside the quite beginning of this chapter the paper makes it clear that people with learning problems need to have 'as significantly alternative as possible' and be helped by a 'person-centred approach' to take control of their individual lives. A second key promise emerges soon afterwards: 'Services should respond for the wider aspirations of individuals with learning disabilities and give them far more alternative and control' (Valuing People, 2001). This phrase reveals that men and women with learning disabilities are no longer notion of only in terms of those people disabilities, but that their 'aspirations' and 'personalities' are taken into account also. The paper contends that social workers must seek to reverse the many issues halting direct support at the time: for instance, services were too lethargic, advocacy was limited, and folks with learning problems had far as well tiny say and involvement within the management of their personal care. The paper suggests ways as to how these faults inside program might be changed. For instance: advocacy services needs to be extended considerably, more folks need to receive direct payments, along with a person-centred approach must be designed by social workers and managers. Managers have the vital responsibility of 'personalizing' individuals with learning disabilities and having to know people issues intimately. Managers and companies cannot assist unless they consume this kind of an approach.
Valuing Men and women created numerous proposals to effect this kind of reform: the Disability Rights Commission, £1.3 million per annum to expand advocacy services, The Learning Disability Development Fund are all examples of proposals created within the white paper. Let us consider numerous of these methods of direct support in more detail.
Disability Rights Commission: The role in the DRC is to support people to guarantee their rights as secured by the Disability Discrimination Act (1995). The Commission's jobs involves having disabled folks into consultations about major policy initiatives that concern them; ensuring that decision-making material is obtainable in user-friendly formats; and educating businesses and institutions about how to jobs with individuals with learning disabilities.
Advocacy: Advocacy is absolutely crucial for successful transfer of responsibility and decision-making to folks with learning disabilities themselves. Advocacy can be of a couple of types: self advocacy or advocacy via organizations. The federal government gives £1.3 per year to additional advocacy programmes.
Direct Payments: Direct Payments are a further techniques of giving men and women with learning disabilities a lot more control more than their unique lives. Direct Payments allow Local Councils to allow persons to pay for support they're entitled to before that assist has been given. This was long by the Carers and Disabled Young children Act (2000) which facilitated immediate payments to carers and to 16 and 17 year olds with learning difficulties. (The Wellness and Social Care Act (2001) widened the availability of Direct Payments nevertheless further.) As soon as these payments are received disabled individuals have far greater freedom to pick what sort of aid they require for themselves. The Implementation Aid Team was set-up to improve software rates for this critical scheme.
Person-Centred Planning: This initiative is intended, as its name suggests, to ensure how the planning of care for a person with learning disabilities is organized as much as possible by working with people themselves. The paper recommended that Learning Disability Partnership Boards begin to implement this approach throughout care management and method once possible.
Care management: According to the white paper care management could be the 'formal mechanism for linking folks with public services' (Valuing People, 2001). In other words, care management is the vital instrument of direct support. Therefore it needs to be 'responsive to individual centred planning, and have the potential to deliver the types of individualized services possibly to emerge fro the process'. Connexions Gateway was set-up to establish vocational plans, in addition to health, housing and communication plans for persons with learning disabilities.
Fair Access to Care: Free of charge Entry to Care was aimed to establish the basis by which eligibility for social care for adults should be determined.
In conclusion, Valuing Individuals was a sea-change inside policy in the British federal government and its care agencies for the care of those with learning difficulties. Its emphasis upon direct aid via person-centred care and individuality gave people with learning difficulties rights and confidence to physical exercise those people rights that they would in no way have previously thought possible. It empowered disabled folks to help themselves. Managers and social workers as well were seen as vital instruments for changing the prejudices and attitudes in the public, and generating awareness that persons with learning disabilities are valuable members with the community.
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